tafenoquine   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 9722

Synonyms: Arakoda® | etaquine | Krintafel® | WR238605
Approved drug Antimalarial Ligand
tafenoquine is an approved drug (FDA (2018))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Tafenoquine is an 8-aminoquinoline derivative that has potent antimalarial activity and is a synthetic analogue of primaquine.
The INN record for tafenoquine indicates that it is a racemic mixture. We show the chemical structure without stereochemistry to represent the mixture. The non-isomeric structure is also represented in the PubChem and ChEMBL entries listed in the links table below, while the two enantiomers forming the racemate are represented by PubChem CID 76969187 and PubChem CID 76969188.

The Malaria tab on this ligand page provides additional curator comments of relevance to the Guide to MALARIA PHARMACOLOGY.
2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/). All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 3
Hydrogen bond donors 2
Rotatable bonds 10
Topological polar surface area 78.63
Molecular weight 463.21
XLogP 5.3
No. Lipinski's rules broken 1

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES NCCCC(Nc1cc(OC)c(c2c1nc(OC)cc2C)Oc1cccc(c1)C(F)(F)F)C
Isomeric SMILES NCCCC(Nc1cc(OC)c(c2c1nc(OC)cc2C)Oc1cccc(c1)C(F)(F)F)C
InChI InChI=1S/C24H28F3N3O3/c1-14-11-20(32-4)30-22-18(29-15(2)7-6-10-28)13-19(31-3)23(21(14)22)33-17-9-5-8-16(12-17)24(25,26)27/h5,8-9,11-13,15,29H,6-7,10,28H2,1-4H3
InChI Key LBHLFPGPEGDCJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
The FDA has approved, under Priority Review, single-dose tafenoquine for the radical cure of P. vivax malaria in adults. The compound is not indicated for the treatment of acute P. vivax infection and should be coadministered with an appropriate antimalarial partner. Tafenoquine had previously been granted a Breakthrough Therapy designation by the FDA (December 2013), followed in November 2017 by the submission of a New Drug Application (NDA). The approval was based on efficacy and safety data from a number of clinical trials including the randomised, double-blind, Phase 2b/3 studies: DETECTIVE (NCT01376167 [2-3]) and GATHER (NCT02216123 [4]). Click here to link to ClinicalTrials.gov's complete list of tafenoquine trials. In August 2018, the FDA expanded tafenoquine's approval status to allow use of Arakoda® tablets as a once weekly prophylactic for the prevention of malaria infection in people aged 18 years and older.
Testing for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is required before administration because tafenoquine, like primaquine, causes haemolysis in genetically sensitive individuals [5].
Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial ID Title Type Source Comment References
NCT01376167 Ph 2B/3 Tafenoquine (TFQ) Study in Prevention of Vivax Relapse Phase 2 Interventional GlaxoSmithKline
NCT02216123 Study to Assess the Incidence of Hemolysis, Safety, and Efficacy of Tafenoquine (SB-252263, WR238605) Versus Primaquine in Subjects With Plasmodium Vivax Malaria Phase 3 Interventional GlaxoSmithKline
Pharmacokinetics Click here for help
Elimination
The terminal half-life of elimination of tafenoquine is 14 days [1].
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Drugs.com