IL-15   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 4981

Synonyms: interleukin-15
Immunopharmacology Ligand
Compound class: Endogenous peptide in human, mouse or rat
Comment: IL-15 and IL-2 are cytokines that share common biological effects, but also exhibit distinct, and sometimes competing, functions [7].
Nektar Therapeutics is developing a long-acting polymer-engineered (e.g. PEGylated) IL-15 conjugate, code named NKTR-255 (structure not disclosed), as a potential immuno-oncology agent- see their patent US20170035898 [4]. The conjugate has been optimised for binding to the IL-15Rα subunit and improved plasma and tumour exposure compared to native IL-15. This agent is in preclinical evaluation (August 2017).
Calypso Biotech have an anti-IL-15 monoclonal antibody named CALY-002 in their development pipeline. CALY-002 has potential for the treatment of refractory celiac disease and other inflammatory conditions at mucosal interfaces within the gastro-intestinal tract (e.g. eosinophilic esophagitis) [6]. The EMA granted CALY-002 orphan drug designation for the treatment of eosinophilic esophagitis in 2016 [2].
Species: Human
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species
References
1. Carson WE, Giri JG, Lindemann MJ, Linett ML, Ahdieh M, Paxton R, Anderson D, Eisenmann J, Grabstein K, Caligiuri MA. (1994)
Interleukin (IL) 15 is a novel cytokine that activates human natural killer cells via components of the IL-2 receptor.
J Exp Med, 180 (4): 1395-403. [PMID:7523571]
2. EMA. 
EU/3/16/1681: orphan designation- humanised monoclonal antibody targeting interleukin-15 for the treatment of eosinophilic oesophagitis.
Accessed on 11/01/2018. Modified on 11/01/2018. ema.europa.eu, http://www.ema.europa.eu/ema/index.jsp?curl=pages/medicines/human/orphans/2016/07/human_orphan_001773.jsp&mid=WC0b01ac058001d12b
3. Finch DK, Midha A, Buchanan CL, Cochrane D, Craggs RI, Cruwys S, Grahames C, Kolbeck R, Lowe DC, Maltby J et al.. (2011)
Identification of a potent anti-IL-15 antibody with opposing mechanisms of action in vitro and in vivo.
Br J Pharmacol, 162 (2): 480-90. [PMID:20942844]
4. Liu X, Kirk PB, Chang T, Charych DH. (2017)
Conjugates of an il-15 moiety and a polymer.
Patent number: US20170035898. Assignee: Nektar Therapeutics. Priority date: 03/04/2014. Publication date: 09/02/2017.
5. Quéméner A, Maillasson M, Arzel L, Sicard B, Vomiandry R, Mortier E, Dubreuil D, Jacques Y, Lebreton J, Mathé-Allainmat M. (2017)
Discovery of a Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Interleukin 15: Pharmacophore-Based Virtual Screening and Hit Optimization.
J Med Chem, 60 (14): 6249-6272. [PMID:28657314]
6. Vicari AP, Schoepfer AM, Meresse B, Goffin L, Léger O, Josserand S, Guégan N, Yousefi S, Straumann A, Cerf-Bensussan N et al.. (2017)
Discovery and characterization of a novel humanized anti-IL-15 antibody and its relevance for the treatment of refractory celiac disease and eosinophilic esophagitis.
MAbs, 9 (6): 927-944. [PMID:28581883]
7. Waldmann TA. (2006)
The biology of interleukin-2 and interleukin-15: implications for cancer therapy and vaccine design.
Nat Rev Immunol, 6 (8): 595-601. [PMID:16868550]
8. Wei YL, Wegesser T, Kuhns S, Werner J, Lebrec H, Wang X. (2022)
Strategies to evaluate potential effector function of glycan variants: a case study of ordesekimab (AMG 714 or PRV-015).
J Immunotoxicol, 19 (1): 109-116. [PMID:36083248]
9. Zhu X, Marcus WD, Xu W, Lee HI, Han K, Egan JO, Yovandich JL, Rhode PR, Wong HC. (2009)
Novel human interleukin-15 agonists.
J Immunol, 183 (6): 3598-607. [PMID:19710453]