Gene and Protein Information
Species	TM	AA	Chromosomal Location	Gene Symbol	Gene Name	Reference
Plasmodium falciparum 3D7	-	583		KRS1	lysine--tRNA ligase
Gene and Protein Information Comments
Two distinct lysyl-tRNA synthetases are encoded by the malaria parasite genome and are involved in translation in either the cytoplasm (described here) or in the apicoplast (PfKRS2, PF3D7_1416800).

Previous and Unofficial Names

Pf3D7_13_v3:2,005,394..2,008,444(-) | PfKRS1 | PfKRS | PfLysRS | PF13_0262 | Plasmodium falciparum lysine--tRNA

Database Links
Alphafold	Q8IDJ8 (Pf3D7)
ChEMBL Target	CHEMBL3301561 (Pf3D7)
PlasmoDB	PF3D7_1350100 (Pf3D7)
UniProtKB	Q8IDJ8 (Pf3D7)

Selected 3D Structures
	Description:  Crystal structure of P. falciparum Lysyl-tRNA synthetase PDB Id:  4H02 Resolution:  2.905Å Species:  Plasmodium falciparum References:  3
	Description:  Crystal Structure of Lysyl-tRNA Synthetase from Plasmodium falciparum bound to a difluoro cyclohexyl chromone ligand PDB Id:  6HCU Ligand:  compound 5 [PMID: 30894487] Resolution:  1.62Å Species:  Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 References:  1

Whole Organism Assay Data Linked to This Target
Key to terms and symbols		Click column headers to sort
Ligand Sp. Assay description Type Action Value Parameter Reference compound 5 [PMID: 30894487] Pf3D7 Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 P. falciparum strain 3D7 (Pf3D7) was derived from isolate NF54 by limiting dilution. The complete genome of Pf3D7 has been sequenced (GenBank: LN999946.1). Pf3D7 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is sensitive to a panel of antimalarial compounds including chloroquine and pyrimethamine. ✖ Parasite growth inhibition assay - - 6.6 pEC50 1 ⤷ pEC50 6.6 (EC50 2.7x10-7 M) SYBRgreen I [1] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium asexual blood stage (erythrocytic merozoite, trophozoite, erythrocytic schizont) compound 5 [PMID: 30894487] PfNF54 Plasmodium falciparum NF54 P. falciparum strain NF54 (PfNF54) was derived from a patient who had never left the Netherlands. PfNF54 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is sensitive to a panel of antimalarial compounds including chloroquine and pyrimethamine. ✖ Parasite growth inhibition assay - - 6.4 pEC50 1 ⤷ pEC50 6.4 (EC50 3.9x10-7 M) [3H]-hypoxanthine incorporation [1] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium asexual blood stage (erythrocytic merozoite, trophozoite, erythrocytic schizont) compound 5 [PMID: 30894487] PfK1 Plasmodium falciparum K1 P. falciparum strain K1 (PfK1) was isolated in Kanchanaburi, Thailand in 1979. PfK1 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is reported to be a multidrug-resistant strain. ✖ Parasite growth inhibition assay - - 6.3 pEC50 1 ⤷ pEC50 6.3 (EC50 5.1x10-7 M) [3H]-hypoxanthine incorporation [1] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium asexual blood stage (erythrocytic merozoite, trophozoite, erythrocytic schizont) compound 5 [PMID: 30894487] Pv Plasmodium vivax P. vivax (Pv) is one of five protozoan parasite species of the genus Plasmodium that cause malaria in humans. Pv is the second most common cause of malaria in humans, after P. falciparum, and is prevalent in Southeast Asia and Latin America. Pv has a dormant liver stage that can reactivate and lead to clinical symptoms. ✖ Parasite liver stage assay - - 6.0 pEC50 1 ⤷ pEC50 6.0 (EC50 9.5x10-7 M) [1] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium liver stage (sporozoite, hepatic schizont, hepatic merozoite) compound 5 [PMID: 30894487] PfNF54 Plasmodium falciparum NF54 P. falciparum strain NF54 (PfNF54) was derived from a patient who had never left the Netherlands. PfNF54 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is sensitive to a panel of antimalarial compounds including chloroquine and pyrimethamine. ✖ Parasite gamete formation assay - - <6.0 pEC50 1 ⤷ pEC50 <6.0 (EC50 >1x10-6 M) [1] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium mosquito host stage (gametocyte, gamete, zygote, ookinete, oocyst, sporozoite) compound 5 [PMID: 30894487] PfNF54 Plasmodium falciparum NF54 P. falciparum strain NF54 (PfNF54) was derived from a patient who had never left the Netherlands. PfNF54 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is sensitive to a panel of antimalarial compounds including chloroquine and pyrimethamine. ✖ Parasite stage V gametocyte assay - - 5.0 pEC50 1 ⤷ pEC50 5.0 (EC50 9.9x10-6 M) Saponin-lysis Sexual Stage Assay (SaLSSA) [1] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium sexual blood stage (gametocyte) cladosporin Py Plasmodium yoelii P. yoelii (Py) is a malaria parasite that infects mammals other than humans with the natural mammalian host being the thicket rat (G. surdaster) from Central Africa. Py is used in rodent model studies of malaria, in particular the immune response and in vaccine development. ✖ Parasite liver stage assay - - 7.4 pIC50 2 ⤷ pIC50 7.4 (IC50 3.91x10-8 M) Sporozoite hepatocyte invasion assay [2] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium liver stage (sporozoite, hepatic schizont, hepatic merozoite) cladosporin Pf3D7 Plasmodium falciparum 3D7 P. falciparum strain 3D7 (Pf3D7) was derived from isolate NF54 by limiting dilution. The complete genome of Pf3D7 has been sequenced (GenBank: LN999946.1). Pf3D7 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is sensitive to a panel of antimalarial compounds including chloroquine and pyrimethamine. ✖ Parasite growth inhibition assay - - 7.3 pIC50 2 ⤷ pIC50 7.3 (IC50 4.54x10-8 M) SYBR Green assay [2] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium asexual blood stage (erythrocytic merozoite, trophozoite, erythrocytic schizont) cladosporin PfD6 Plasmodium falciparum D6 P. falciparum strain D6 (PfD6) was collected in Sierra Leone. PfD6 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is generally considered drug sensitive with minor mefloquine resistance. ✖ Parasite growth inhibition assay - - 7.1 pIC50 2 ⤷ pIC50 7.1 (IC50 7.21x10-8 M) SYBR Green assay [2] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium asexual blood stage (erythrocytic merozoite, trophozoite, erythrocytic schizont) cladosporin PfK1 Plasmodium falciparum K1 P. falciparum strain K1 (PfK1) was isolated in Kanchanaburi, Thailand in 1979. PfK1 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is reported to be a multidrug-resistant strain. ✖ Parasite growth inhibition assay - - 7.1 pIC50 2 ⤷ pIC50 7.1 (IC50 8.01x10-8 M) SYBR Green assay [2] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium asexual blood stage (erythrocytic merozoite, trophozoite, erythrocytic schizont) cladosporin PfNF54 Plasmodium falciparum NF54 P. falciparum strain NF54 (PfNF54) was derived from a patient who had never left the Netherlands. PfNF54 can be obtained from the European Malaria Reagent Repository or the Malaria Research and Reference Reagent Resource Center (MR4) and is sensitive to a panel of antimalarial compounds including chloroquine and pyrimethamine. ✖ Parasite growth inhibition assay - - 7.1 pIC50 2 ⤷ pIC50 7.1 (IC50 8.79x10-8 M) SYBR Green assay [2] Lifecycle stages: Plasmodium asexual blood stage (erythrocytic merozoite, trophozoite, erythrocytic schizont)

Malaria Pharmacology Comments

Plasmodium lysyl-tRNA synthetase (PfcKRS) was validated as a target for antimalarial drug development when it was shown to be the target of the natural product cladosporin [2].