loperamide   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 7215

Synonyms: Fortasec® | Imodium® | R-18553
Approved drug
loperamide is an approved drug (FDA (1976))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Loperamide is an opioid-receptor agonist used as an anti-diarrheal agent. Although unreported previously, recent clinical cases of severe cardiotoxicity (and death) due to high-dose loperamide abuse have been reported [2-3].
Click here for help

Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

✖

View interactive charts of activity data across species

IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project (PEP) logo

View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: loperamide

2D Structure
Click here for help

2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

✖
Click here for structure editor
Physico-chemical Properties
Click here for help

Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/). All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

✖
Hydrogen bond acceptors 4
Hydrogen bond donors 1
Rotatable bonds 8
Topological polar surface area 43.78
Molecular weight 476.22
XLogP 5.46
No. Lipinski's rules broken 1

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
Click here for help

SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

✖
Canonical SMILES Clc1ccc(cc1)C1(O)CCN(CC1)CCC(C(=O)N(C)C)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1
Isomeric SMILES Clc1ccc(cc1)C1(O)CCN(CC1)CCC(C(=O)N(C)C)(c1ccccc1)c1ccccc1
InChI InChI=1S/C29H33ClN2O2/c1-31(2)27(33)29(24-9-5-3-6-10-24,25-11-7-4-8-12-25)19-22-32-20-17-28(34,18-21-32)23-13-15-26(30)16-14-23/h3-16,34H,17-22H2,1-2H3
InChI Key RDOIQAHITMMDAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Used to treat diarrhea.
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
This drug slows peristalsis, allowing the gut to re-absorb more fluid and nutrients. This is achieved through calcium channel block and activation of μ opioid receptors. As this reduces the overall stool mass produced the drug is used for this effect in patients with ileostomy.
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC)