enzalutamide   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 6812

Synonyms: MDV-3100 | MDV3100 | Xtandi®
Approved drug
enzalutamide is an approved drug (FDA (2012), EMA (2013))
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Enzalutamide is an androgen receptor antagonist.
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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View interactive charts of activity data across species

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View more information in the IUPHAR Pharmacology Education Project: enzalutamide

enzalutamide is commercially available from our sponsors

2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/). All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 6
Hydrogen bond donors 1
Rotatable bonds 5
Topological polar surface area 108.53
Molecular weight 464.09
XLogP 4
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES CNC(=O)c1ccc(cc1F)N1C(=S)N(C(=O)C1(C)C)c1ccc(c(c1)C(F)(F)F)C#N
Isomeric SMILES CNC(=O)c1ccc(cc1F)N1C(=S)N(C(=O)C1(C)C)c1ccc(c(c1)C(F)(F)F)C#N
InChI InChI=1S/C21H16F4N4O2S/c1-20(2)18(31)28(12-5-4-11(10-26)15(8-12)21(23,24)25)19(32)29(20)13-6-7-14(16(22)9-13)17(30)27-3/h4-9H,1-3H3,(H,27,30)
InChI Key WXCXUHSOUPDCQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Enzalutamide was originally approved for the treatment of advanced (metastatic) prostate cancer where other treatments have failed or drug resistance has developed, including castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Treatment with enzalutamide delays the time before escalating to chemotherapy by around seventeen months [2]. In July 2018, the FDA expanded enzalutamide's approval to include treatment of patients with non-metastatic CRPC, based on results from clinical trial NCT02003924 [3]. December 2019 saw FDA approval expanded further to include treatment of metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC) following evaluation of results from the 'ARCHES' trial NCT02677896 [1].
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Enzalutamide treatment leads to apoptosis of cancer cells and reduced tumour volume by inhibiting androgen binding to its receptor, androgen receptor nuclear translocation, and subsequent interaction with DNA which culminates in reduced cell proliferation.
Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial ID Title Type Source Comment References
NCT02003924 Safety and Efficacy Study of Enzalutamide in Patients With Nonmetastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer Phase 3 Interventional Pfizer
NCT02677896 A Study of Enzalutamide Plus Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT) Versus Placebo Plus ADT in Patients With Metastatic Hormone Sensitive Prostate Cancer (mHSPC) Phase 3 Interventional Astellas Pharma Inc
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC)
Drugs.com
European Medicines Agency (EMA)