IKK-beta inhibitor R-28   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 10134

Synonyms: (R)-28 | example 225 [US8372875B2]
Immunopharmacology Ligand
Compound class: Synthetic organic
Comment: Inhibitor R-28 was designed as a pharmacological tool suitable for examining the function of IKKβ its role in disease pathogenesis, and the effects (good and bad) of inhibiting this kinase on immune function [3]. It has favourable pharmacokinetics and in vivo activity. The chemical structure has been claimed in patents granted to GlaxoSmithKline (e.g. the most recent incarnation US8372875B2 [2]).
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Ligand Activity Visualisation Charts

These are box plot that provide a unique visualisation, summarising all the activity data for a ligand taken from ChEMBL and GtoPdb across multiple targets and species. Click on a plot to see the median, interquartile range, low and high data points. A value of zero indicates that no data are available. A separate chart is created for each target, and where possible the algorithm tries to merge ChEMBL and GtoPdb targets by matching them on name and UniProt accession, for each available species. However, please note that inconsistency in naming of targets may lead to data for the same target being reported across multiple charts.

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2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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Physico-chemical Properties
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Physico-chemical Properties

Calculated molecular properties are available for small molecules and natural products (not peptides). Properties were generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/). All properties were selected to enable the prediction of the Lipinski Rule-of-Five profile or ‘druglikeness’ for each ligand. For more info on each category see the help pages.

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Hydrogen bond acceptors 4
Hydrogen bond donors 2
Rotatable bonds 3
Topological polar surface area 101.4
Molecular weight 414.14
XLogP 4.42
No. Lipinski's rules broken 0

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES Fc1ccc(cc1)c1cc(C(=O)N)c2c(c1)c(c[nH]2)C1CCS(=O)(=O)C(C1)(C)C
Isomeric SMILES Fc1ccc(cc1)c1cc(C(=O)N)c2c(c1)c(c[nH]2)[C@@H]1CCS(=O)(=O)C(C1)(C)C
InChI InChI=1S/C22H23FN2O3S/c1-22(2)11-14(7-8-29(22,27)28)19-12-25-20-17(19)9-15(10-18(20)21(24)26)13-3-5-16(23)6-4-13/h3-6,9-10,12,14,25H,7-8,11H2,1-2H3,(H2,24,26)/t14-/m1/s1
InChI Key YGYGASJNJTYNOL-CQSZACIVSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
Immunopharmacology Comments
IKKβ is a crucial mediator in the activation of the NF-κB signalling cascade and subsequent up-regulation of pro-inflammatory mediators. Targeting the NF-κB pathway is a key mechanistic approach that has been exploited for the development of novel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory therapeutics. Despite results that show that chronic IKKβ inhibition causes elevated IL-1β secretion as a problematic side-effect [1,4], the potential benefits of IKKβ inhibition were deemed sufficient to encourage the design of inhibitors with in vivo efficacy adequate to fully explore the risk/benefit profile of this pharmacological intervention. Inhibitor R-28 met these criteria.