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semaglutide   Click here for help

GtoPdb Ligand ID: 9724

Synonyms: NN-9535 | NN9535 | NNC0480 0389 | Ozempic® (injectable semaglutide) | Rybelsus® (oral semaglutide) | Wegovy®
Approved drug
semaglutide is an approved drug (FDA (2017), EMA (2018))
Compound class: Peptide
Comment: Semaglutide is a glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor peptidomimetic agonist [9]. Structurally it is a modified analogue of glucagon-like peptide 1-(7-37) with amino acids at positions 8 and 34 replaced by α-aminobutyric acid and arginine respectively, and Lys26 is acylated with stearic diacid. Semaglutide has slightly lower GLP-1 receptor affinity than liraglutide, but this is compensated by an increased serum albumin affinity, which ensures improved resistance to metabolic degradation.
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2D Structure
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2D Structure

An image of the ligand's 2D structure. For small molecules with SMILES these are drawn using the NCI/CADD Chemical Identifier Resolver. Click on the image to access the chemical structure search tool with the ligand pre-loaded in the structure editor. For other types of ligands, e.g. longer nucleotides and peptides, a manually drawn representation of the molecule may be provided.

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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey
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SMILES / InChI / InChIKey

SMILES (Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry Specification) A specification for unambiguously describing the structure of chemical molecules using short ASCII strings. Canonical SMILES specify a unique representation of the 2D structure without chiral or isotopic specifications. Isomeric SMILES include chiral specification and isotopes.

Standard InChI (IUPAC International Chemical Identifier) and InChIKey InChI is a non-proprietary, standard, textual identifier for chemical substances designed to facilitate linking of information and database searching. An InChIKey is a simplified version of a full InChI, designed for easier web searching.

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)

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Canonical SMILES CCC(C(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NC(C(=O)NCC(=O)NC(C(=O)NCC(=O)O)CCCNC(=N)N)CCCNC(=N)N)C(C)C)CC(C)C)Cc1c[nH]c2c1cccc2)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(C(C)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(C(O)C)NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(C(O)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(NC(=O)C(Cc1[nH]cnc1)N)(C)C)CCC(=O)O)Cc1ccccc1)CO)CC(=O)O)CO)CO)Cc1ccc(cc1)O)CC(C)C)CCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)N)C)C)CCCCNC(=O)COCCOCCNC(=O)COCCOCCNC(=O)CCC(C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)O)Cc1ccccc1)C
Isomeric SMILES CC[C@@H]([C@@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)NCC(=O)O)CCCNC(=N)N)CCCNC(=N)N)C(C)C)CC(C)C)Cc1c[nH]c2c1cccc2)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H](C(C)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)C)NC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@H]([C@H](O)C)NC(=O)CNC(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)C(NC(=O)[C@H](Cc1[nH]cnc1)N)(C)C)CCC(=O)O)Cc1ccccc1)CO)CC(=O)O)CO)CO)Cc1ccc(cc1)O)CC(C)C)CCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)N)C)C)CCCCNC(=O)COCCOCCNC(=O)COCCOCCNC(=O)CC[C@H](C(=O)O)NC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O)CCC(=O)O)Cc1ccccc1)C
InChI InChI=1S/C187H291N45O59/c1-18-105(10)154(180(282)208-108(13)159(261)216-133(86-114-89-200-119-50-40-39-49-117(114)119)170(272)218-129(82-102(4)5)171(273)228-152(103(6)7)178(280)215-121(53-44-72-199-186(192)193)162(264)201-91-141(242)209-120(52-43-71-198-185(190)191)161(263)204-94-151(257)258)230-172(274)131(83-111-45-33-31-34-46-111)219-167(269)126(64-69-149(253)254)214-166(268)122(51-41-42-70-195-144(245)98-290-79-78-289-76-74-197-145(246)99-291-80-77-288-75-73-196-139(240)66-61-127(183(285)286)211-140(241)54-37-29-27-25-23-21-19-20-22-24-26-28-30-38-55-146(247)248)212-158(260)107(12)206-157(259)106(11)207-165(267)125(60-65-138(189)239)210-142(243)92-202-163(265)123(62-67-147(249)250)213-168(270)128(81-101(2)3)217-169(271)130(85-113-56-58-116(238)59-57-113)220-175(277)135(95-233)223-177(279)137(97-235)224-179(281)153(104(8)9)229-174(276)134(88-150(255)256)221-176(278)136(96-234)225-182(284)156(110(15)237)231-173(275)132(84-112-47-35-32-36-48-112)222-181(283)155(109(14)236)227-143(244)93-203-164(266)124(63-68-148(251)252)226-184(287)187(16,17)232-160(262)118(188)87-115-90-194-100-205-115/h31-36,39-40,45-50,56-59,89-90,100-110,118,120-137,152-156,200,233-238H,18-30,37-38,41-44,51-55,60-88,91-99,188H2,1-17H3,(H2,189,239)(H,194,205)(H,195,245)(H,196,240)(H,197,246)(H,201,264)(H,202,265)(H,203,266)(H,204,263)(H,206,259)(H,207,267)(H,208,282)(H,209,242)(H,210,243)(H,211,241)(H,212,260)(H,213,270)(H,214,268)(H,215,280)(H,216,261)(H,217,271)(H,218,272)(H,219,269)(H,220,277)(H,221,278)(H,222,283)(H,223,279)(H,224,281)(H,225,284)(H,226,287)(H,227,244)(H,228,273)(H,229,276)(H,230,274)(H,231,275)(H,232,262)(H,247,248)(H,249,250)(H,251,252)(H,253,254)(H,255,256)(H,257,258)(H,285,286)(H4,190,191,198)(H4,192,193,199)/t105-,106-,107-,108-,109+,110+,118-,120-,121-,122-,123-,124-,125-,126-,127+,128-,129-,130-,131-,132-,133-,134-,135-,136-,137-,152-,153-,154-,155-,156-/m0/s1
InChI Key DLSWIYLPEUIQAV-CCUURXOWSA-N

Generated using the Chemistry Development Kit (CDK) (Willighagen EL et al. Journal of Cheminformatics vol. 9:33. 2017, doi:10.1186/s13321-017-0220-4; https://cdk.github.io/)
No information available.
Summary of Clinical Use Click here for help
Semaglutide was approved by the US FDA in December 2017 as a once weekly injectable treatment for type 2 diabetes (as an adjunct to diet and exercise). EMA approval followed in 2018. In oral formulation (Rybelsus®, a once daily pill) was FDA approved in September 2019, and this represented the first oral GLP-1 therapy for the treatment for type 2 diabetes. Semaglutide can also be used to treat obesity.
Semaglutide has also been investigated in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, especially obesity-related heart failure [3-4,7,11].
A fixed-dose mixture known as CagriSema (cagrilintide+semaglutide) has been proposed to offer benefit by targeting the complementary amylin and GLP-1R pathways for appetite regulation and metabolic control.
Potential as a therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and other cognitive disorders associated with insulin resistance was also proposed [1-2,12-13]. However, top-line results results from phase 3 studies in AD (Evoke and Evoke Plus trials) revealed that oral semaglutide failed to achieve the study primary endpoint and that there was no delay in disease progression [10]. This led to one-year extensions of these trials being discontinued.
Mechanism Of Action and Pharmacodynamic Effects Click here for help
Semaglutide improves glycemic control by stimulating insulin and lowering glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent manner [9].
Clinical Trials
Clinical Trial ID Title Type Source Comment References
NCT04916470 Research Study to Look at How Well Semaglutide Works in People Living With Heart Failure, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes Phase 3 Interventional Novo Nordisk A/S 8
NCT04777409 A Research Study Investigating Semaglutide in People With Early Alzheimer's Disease (EVOKE Plus) Phase 3 Interventional Novo Nordisk A/S
NCT04777396 A Research Study Investigating Semaglutide in People With Early Alzheimer's Disease (EVOKE) Phase 3 Interventional Novo Nordisk A/S
NCT05891496 A Research Study Looking at the Effect of Semaglutide on the Immune System and Other Biological Processes in People With Alzheimer's Disease Phase 3 Interventional Novo Nordisk A/S
NCT06072963 COMMETS- Combination MCI Metabolic Syndrome Phase 2 Interventional Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey
External links Click here for help
For extended ADME data see the following:

Electronic Medicines Compendium (eMC)
Drugs.com
European Medicines Agency (EMA)