Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) receptors (provisional nomenclature as recommended by NC-IUPHAR [2]) are activated by the endogenous tripeptide TRH (TRH, P20396) (pGlu-His-ProNH2). TRH (TRH, P20396) and TRH analogues fail to distinguish TRH₁ and TRH₂ receptors [5]. [³H]TRH (human, mouse, rat) is able to label both TRH₁ and TRH₂ receptors with K_d values of 13 and 9 nM respectively. Synthesis and biology of ring-modified L-Histidine containing TRH analogues has been reported [3].

* Key recommended reading is highlighted with an asterisk

* Bílek R, Bičíková M, Šafařík L. (2011) TRH-like peptides. Physiol Res, 60 (2): 207-15. [PMID:21114375]

Chiamolera MI, Wondisford FE. (2009) Minireview: Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and the thyroid hormone feedback mechanism. Endocrinology, 150 (3): 1091-6. [PMID:19179434]

Engel S, Gershengorn MC. (2007) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone and its receptors--a hypothesis for binding and receptor activation. Pharmacol Ther, 113 (2): 410-9. [PMID:17123625]

* Foord SM, Bonner TI, Neubig RR, Rosser EM, Pin JP, Davenport AP, Spedding M, Harmar AJ. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. XLVI. G protein-coupled receptor list. Pharmacol Rev, 57 (2): 279-88. [PMID:15914470]

Gáspár E, Hardenbicker C, Bodó E, Wenzel B, Ramot Y, Funk W, Kromminga A, Paus R. (2010) Thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH): a new player in human hair-growth control. FASEB J, 24 (2): 393-403. [PMID:19825978]

Kamath J, Yarbrough GG, Prange AJ, Winokur A. (2009) The thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)-immune system homeostatic hypothesis. Pharmacol Ther, 121 (1): 20-8. [PMID:19000920]

Kleinau G, Krause G. (2009) Thyrotropin and homologous glycoprotein hormone receptors: structural and functional aspects of extracellular signaling mechanisms. Endocr Rev, 30 (2): 133-51. [PMID:19176466]

* Nillni EA. (2010) Regulation of the hypothalamic thyrotropin releasing hormone (TRH) neuron by neuronal and peripheral inputs. Front Neuroendocrinol, 31 (2): 134-56. [PMID:20074584]

1. Drummond AH, Hughes PJ, Ruiz-Larrea F, Joels LA. (1989) Use of receptor antagonist in elucidating the mechanism of action of TRH in GH3 cells. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 553: 197-204. [PMID:2566295]

2. Foord SM, Bonner TI, Neubig RR, Rosser EM, Pin JP, Davenport AP, Spedding M, Harmar AJ. (2005) International Union of Pharmacology. XLVI. G protein-coupled receptor list. Pharmacol Rev, 57 (2): 279-88. [PMID:15914470]

3. Meena CL, Thakur A, Nandekar PP, Sharma SS, Sangamwar AT, Jain R. (2016) Synthesis and biology of ring-modified l-Histidine containing thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) analogues. Eur J Med Chem, 111: 72-83. [PMID:26854379]

4. Straub RE, Frech GC, Joho RH, Gershengorn MC. (1990) Expression cloning of a cDNA encoding the mouse pituitary thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA, 87 (24): 9514-8. [PMID:2175902]

5. Sun Y, Lu X, Gershengorn MC. (2003) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone receptors -- similarities and differences. J Mol Endocrinol, 30 (2): 87-97. [PMID:12683933]