Myosin heavy chains, class II (MYH)

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Myosin heavy chains, class II (MYH)

Unless otherwise stated all data on this page refer to the human proteins. Gene information is provided for human (Hs), mouse (Mm) and rat (Rn).

Overview

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The class II myosin subfamily contains those that behave as the major contractile proteins in muscle, plus several that are involved in non-muscle contractility. Structurally these proteins contain two motor domains and assemble into bipolar filaments. There are 15 human genes that produce class II myosin proteins (MYH1-4, -6, -7, -7B, MYH8-11, MYH13-16)

Enzymes

myosin heavy chain 9 Show summary »« Hide summary

Target Id

3353

Nomenclature

myosin heavy chain 9

Previous and unofficial names

DFNA17 | NMHC IIA | NMMHCA | NMMHC IIA

Genes

MYH9 (Hs), Myh9 (Mm), Myh9 (Rn)

Ensembl ID

ENSG00000100345 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000022443 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000049236 (Rn)

UniProtKB AC

P35579 (Hs), Q8VDD5 (Mm), Q62812 (Rn)

Inhibitors

ginsenoside Ra1 pK_d 6.7 [8]

Comment

MYH9 is a non-muscle myosin heavy chain [7]. It is expressed in various tissues ance cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, macrophages and T cells [3,5] and is involved in cell crawling. MYH9 functions as a key mediator of endothelial barrier injury [2-4,6], and has been suggested as a potential therapeutic target for sepsis-induced endothelial dysfunction [9].
MYH9, interacting with glycoprotein B, is implicated as a herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) entry receptor [1]. Heterozygous MYH9 mutations cause defined megakaryocyte/platelet/leukocyte syndromes.

References

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1. Arii J, Goto H, Suenaga T, Oyama M, Kozuka-Hata H, Imai T, Minowa A, Akashi H, Arase H, Kawaoka Y et al.. (2010) Non-muscle myosin IIA is a functional entry receptor for herpes simplex virus-1. Nature, 467 (7317): 859-62. [PMID:20944748]

2. Dai Y, Bao L, Huang J, Zhang M, Yu J, Zhang Y, Li F, Yu B, Gong S, Kou J. (2025) Endothelial NMMHC IIA dissociation from PAR1 activates the CREB3/ARF4 signaling in thrombin-mediated intracerebral hemorrhage. J Adv Res, 75: 829-842. [PMID:39521432]

3. Ding R, Zhao C, Jing Y, Weng Z, Chen R, Meng Q. (2025) Lactylation of MYH9 and its impact on FOXO3a/Bim signaling in sepsis-induced gut-vascular barrier injury. Int Immunopharmacol, 164: 115384. [PMID:40850198]

4. Gong S, Cao G, Li F, Chen Z, Pan X, Ma H, Zhang Y, Yu B, Kou J. (2021) Endothelial Conditional Knockdown of NMMHC IIA (Nonmuscle Myosin Heavy Chain IIA) Attenuates Blood-Brain Barrier Damage During Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Stroke, 52 (3): 1053-1064. [PMID:33588591]

5. Jacobelli J, Chmura SA, Buxton DB, Davis MM, Krummel MF. (2004) A single class II myosin modulates T cell motility and stopping, but not synapse formation. Nat Immunol, 5 (5): 531-8. [PMID:15064761]

6. Li P, Wei G, Cao Y, Deng Q, Han X, Huang X, Huo Y, He Y, Chen L, Luo J. (2018) Myosin IIa is critical for cAMP-mediated endothelial secretion of von Willebrand factor. Blood, 131 (6): 686-698. [PMID:29208598]

7. Saez CG, Myers JC, Shows TB, Leinwand LA. (1990) Human nonmuscle myosin heavy chain mRNA: generation of diversity through alternative polyadenylylation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 87 (3): 1164-8. [PMID:1967836]

8. Tang J et al.. (2026) Ginsenoside Ra1 alleviates endothelial barrier dysfunction and multi-organ injury in experimental sepsis via NMMHC IIA inhibition. BJP, In press.

9. Wu Y, Yu X, Wang Y, Huang Y, Tang J, Gong S, Jiang S, Xia Y, Li F, Yu B et al.. (2022) Ruscogenin alleviates LPS-triggered pulmonary endothelial barrier dysfunction through targeting NMMHC IIA to modulate TLR4 signaling. Acta Pharm Sin B, 12 (3): 1198-1212. [PMID:35530141]

How to cite this family page

Database page citation:

Myosin heavy chains, class II (MYH). Accessed on 16/06/2026. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, http://www.guidetopharmacology.org/GRAC/FamilyDisplayForward?familyId=1133.

Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY citation:

Alexander SPH, Fabbro D, Gibb AJ, Kelly E, Mathie AA, Peach CJ, Veale EL, Armstrong JF, Faccenda E, Harding SD, Southan C, Davies JA et al. (2025) The Concise Guide to PHARMACOLOGY 2025/26: Enzymes. Br J Pharmacol. 182: S307-S403.