There are 18 T-box family transcription factors in humans. They may act as transcriptional activators or repressors and are crucial for the development of multiple cell types. All family members contain a highly conserved sequence-specific DNA binding domain that recognises variants of the T-box binding element AGGTGTGAAA, and a C-terminal transcriptional regulatory domain [1]. Brachyury (TBXT) is the most highly studied member of the family.

1. Naiche LA, Harrelson Z, Kelly RG, Papaioannou VE. (2005) T-box genes in vertebrate development. Annu Rev Genet, 39: 219-39. [PMID:16285859]

2. Newman JA, Gavard AE, Imprachim N, Aitkenhead H, Sheppard HE, Te Poele R, Clarke PA, Hossain MA, Temme L, Oh HJ et al.. (2025) Structural insights into human brachyury DNA recognition and discovery of progressible binders for cancer therapy. Nat Commun, 16 (1): 1596. [PMID:39952925]