Retinoic acid receptor-β
Target id: 591
Nomenclature: Retinoic acid receptor-β
Systematic Nomenclature: NR1B2
Family: 1B. Retinoic acid receptors
Contents:
- Gene and Protein Information
- Previous and Unofficial Names
- Database Links
- Selected 3D Structures
- Natural/Endogenous Ligands
- Agonists
- Antagonists
- DNA Binding
- Co-binding Partners
- Main Co-regulators
- Tissue Distribution
- Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression
- Phenotypes, Alleles and Disease Models
- Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology
- Biologically Significant Variants
- General Comments
- References
- How to cite this page
Gene and Protein Information  |
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| Species | AA | Chromosomal Location | Gene Symbol | Gene Name | Reference |
| Human | 455 | 3p24.2 | RARB | retinoic acid receptor beta | 3,32 |
| Mouse | 482 | 14 7.08 cM | Rarb | retinoic acid receptor, beta | 32,34,53-54 |
| Rat | 291 | 15p16 | Rarb | retinoic acid receptor, beta | 32 |
| Gene and Protein Information Comments | |||||
| The 448 aa human isoform (1, a.k.a. β2) is the predominant transcript. Other alternatively spliced transcripts are described, including the 455 aa isoform 3 (a.k.a. β1; NP_001277145). | |||||
| Previous and Unofficial Names |
| HAP | HBV-activated protein | RAR beta 2 | retinoic acid receptor |
| Database Links |
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| Alphafold | P10826 (Hs), P22605 (Mm), D3ZFD9 (Rn) |
| CATH/Gene3D | 3.30.50.10 |
| ChEMBL Target | CHEMBL2008 (Hs), CHEMBL3266 (Mm) |
| DrugBank Target | P10826 (Hs) |
| Ensembl Gene | ENSG00000077092 (Hs), ENSMUSG00000017491 (Mm), ENSRNOG00000024061 (Rn) |
| Entrez Gene | 5915 (Hs), 218772 (Mm), 24706 (Rn) |
| Human Protein Atlas | ENSG00000077092 (Hs) |
| KEGG Gene | hsa:5915 (Hs), mmu:218772 (Mm), rno:24706 (Rn) |
| OMIM | 180220 (Hs) |
| Orphanet | ORPHA368114 (Hs) |
| Pharos | P10826 (Hs) |
| RefSeq Nucleotide | NM_016152 (Hs), NM_011243 (Mm), NM_031529 (Rn) |
| RefSeq Protein | NP_000956 (Hs), NP_057236 (Hs), NP_035373 (Mm), NP_113717 (Rn) |
| SynPHARM |
79006 (in complex with tretinoin) 6287 (in complex with tretinoin) 6285 (in complex with TTNPB) |
| UniProtKB | P10826 (Hs), P22605 (Mm), D3ZFD9 (Rn) |
| Wikipedia | RARB (Hs) |
| Selected 3D Structures |
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| Natural/Endogenous Ligands |
| tretinoin |
Download all structure-activity data for this target as a CSV file 
| Agonists |
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| Agonist Comments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| All-trans-retinoic acid is the most potent endogenous retinoid. The existence of 9-cis retinoic acid as a natural bioactive retinoid remains to be established. Synthetic compounds (reported above) are not metabolized by CYP26. BMS641 is a partial RARβ-selective agonist. However no fully RARβ-selective agonist has been reported so far. Although tazarotene has high affinity for all retinoic acid receptor isoforms, it has roughly 5-8 times higher affinity for the β isoform [6]. Adapalene is selective for the β and γ RARs over the α isoform [5]. |
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| Antagonists |
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| Antagonist Comments | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| To date, no pure RARβ-selective antagonist has been reported. Both AGN193109 and BMS493 inverse agonists can induce corepressor association with RARβ instead of RARα. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DNA Binding |
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| DNA Binding Comments | |||||||
| Transient transfection using a reporter gene and EMSA have shown that RXR-RARβ heterodimers bind to a DR5 element. | |||||||
| Co-binding Partners |
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| Name | Interaction | Effect | Reference |
| AP1 | Functional | RARb inhibits AP-1 driven transactivation | 36 |
| Main Co-regulators |
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| Name | Activity | Specific | Ligand dependent | AF-2 dependent | Comments | References |
| NCOA1 | Co-activator | No | Yes | Yes | A member of the p160 family | 11,37 |
| MED1 | Co-activator | No | Yes | Yes | A member of the DRIP/TRAP/SMCC complex | 25,33,39,52 |
| NCOA3 | Co-activator | No | Yes | Yes | A member of the p160 family | 7,11,26 |
| NCOA2 | Co-activator | No | Yes | Yes | A member of the p160 family | 12,24,46 |
| Tissue Distribution
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| Tissue Distribution Comments | ||||||||||
| Similar distribution patterns are seen in the mouse and rat. | ||||||||||
| Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression
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| Physiological Consequences of Altering Gene Expression Comments | ||||||||||
| Note that the specific RARβ1/β3 null mutants are apparently normal, and the specific RARβ2/β4 null mutants exhibited persistence and hyperplasia of the primary vitreous body. | ||||||||||
| Phenotypes, Alleles and Disease Models
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Mouse data from MGI | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Clinically-Relevant Mutations and Pathophysiology
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| Biologically Significant Variants
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| General Comments |
| Using F9 RARβ2 null cells, some genes have been identified that require RARβ2 for their regulation by ATRA in F9 cells [27,55]. In contrast to RARα, unliganded RARβ poorly interacts with both NCoR and SMRT corepressors. |
References
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1B. Retinoic acid receptors: Retinoic acid receptor-β. Last modified on 10/07/2023. Accessed on 01/11/2024. IUPHAR/BPS Guide to PHARMACOLOGY, https://www.guidetomalariapharmacology.org/GRAC/ObjectDisplayForward?objectId=591.
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